Abnormal sperm parameters

  1. Necrozoospermia:
    • Patients who occasionally may present 100% immotile sperms.
      Causes: infections (E.coli chronic prostatitis or immobilizing antisperm antibodies).
  2. Absolute necrozoospermia (when all sperms are dead) : in case of axonemel defects such as immotile cilia syndrome.
  3. Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia:
    • The cause is unknown.
  4. Causes of aspermia:
    • anejaculation due to spasm (functional);
    • obstruction to ejaculatory ducts;
    • retrograde ejaculation;
    • nocturnal emissions;
    • vibratory/electroejaculatory sample;
    • prostatic massage;
    • retrograde ejaculation-retrieval of sperm from bladder;
    • transrectal aspiration from dilated seminal vesicle/seminal vesicle cyst.
  5. Azoospermia:
    1. Obstructive azoospermia:
      • Postinfection:smallpox,tuberculosis,nonspecific infections;
      • Postsurgical obstruction:hydrocele,inguinal hernia repair,vasectomy;
      • Congenital bilateral absence of vas/blind ending vas/spermatocele;
      • Ejaculatory duct obstructions.
    2. Nonobstructive azoospermia:
      • SCOS (Sertoli cell only syndrome),germ cell aplasia;
      • maturation arrest;
      • hypospermatogenesis;
      • fibrosis and atrophy;
      • postmumps orchitis;
      • cryptorchidism;
      • torsion testis;
      • chronic epididymoorchitis;
      • surgical implantation of testis into thigh;
      • postchemotherapy.

Cabinet Ginecologic

Cabinet Ginecologie / Ecografie 2D, 3D, 4D, Doppler Color
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